For the crust: In a large bowl, whisk together flour and salt. Cut in the cold butter with a pastry blender or your fingertips until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs with some pea-sized pieces. Gradually add ice water, 1 tablespoon at a time, mixing until the dough just comes together. Do not overmix.
Gather the dough into a ball, flatten into a disc, wrap in plastic wrap, and refrigerate for at least 30 minutes.
Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C).
On a lightly floured surface, roll out the dough to a 12-inch circle. Carefully transfer the dough to a 9-inch pie plate. Trim and crimp the edges. Prick the bottom of the crust with a fork.
Line the crust with parchment paper and fill with pie weights or dried beans. Blind bake for 15 minutes. Remove the parchment paper and weights, and bake for another 5-7 minutes, or until lightly golden.
While the crust is baking, cook the bacon in a large skillet over medium heat until crisp. Remove bacon with a slotted spoon and drain on paper towels. Reserve 1 tablespoon of bacon drippings in the skillet. Add chopped onion to the skillet and cook until softened, about 5 minutes.
In a medium bowl, whisk together eggs, heavy cream, salt, pepper, and nutmeg.
Scatter the cooked bacon, sautéed onions, and grated Gruyere cheese evenly over the bottom of the pre-baked pie crust.
Pour the egg and cream mixture over the bacon, onions, and cheese.
Bake for 35-45 minutes, or until the center is set and the top is golden brown. If the crust edges start to brown too quickly, cover them with foil.
Let the quiche cool for at least 10-15 minutes before slicing and serving.
Notes
Quiche Lorraine is best served warm. It can be made ahead of time and reheated gently in the oven.